[...] online activists rail against ingredients the CSPI lists as safe, and Big Food has taken notice. "If you look at when companies start replacing ingredients, it's when there's awareness from the public," said Keval Mehta, CEO of Inrfood, an online database of food ingredients. "The chemical makes white bread whiter, helps increase its elasticity, and is found in over 500 foods. [...] it also breaks down into a chemical that causes cancer, is banned in Europe, and is used to make shoe leather and yoga mats. According to the Pew Health Initiative, there are more than 10,000 food additives found in a typical supermarket. Michael Jacobson, executive director of the Center for Science in the Public Interest says that cutting domestic salt intake in half would save 100,000 lives per year. Snacks like potato chips tend to be cooked in vegetable oil. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services says BHA can reasonably be anticipated to be a human carcinogen. Companies have been taking this out of packaged foods for several years but it still appears here and there, says Michael Jacobson, of the center for Science in the Public Interest. Tocopherols, which on food labels get called "Vitamin E." Manufacturers can also pack food with nitrogen instead of air. Jacobson says it's unclear if food companies really need to find a replacement for BHA. Brominated vegetable oil keeps flavor molecules spread evenly throughout the drink. Two case studies have shown that individuals who drank large amounts of soda suffered serious health consequences that doctors attributed to brominated vegetable oil. Food scientists point out that removing it from the food supply could endanger consumers with mold intolerances. In an effort to develop "clean labels," some consultants have suggested removing potassium sorbate from salad dressings and adding "refrigerate after opening" to the label. Some bread brands seeking clean labels have use cultured wheat flour, as a substitute. Starbucks says it has developed a tomato-based dye to make its strawberry sauce look redder. The naturally occurring compound gives microwave popcorn its butter flavor. Workers at the plants that produced and used diacetyl came down with a condition known as bronchiolitis obliterans, a life-threatening and irreversible lung disease also known as popcorn lung. Kraft has decided to take dyes from some formulations of macaroni and cheese, Frito-Lay has taken dyes from Sun Chips and Tostitos, and if your Trix yogurt looks a little less nuclear, it's because General Mills has reformulated it to remove some artificial dyes. [...] some artificial food colors are also used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, sutures, and contact lenses.